This furnace can be used for material preparation at variable temperature. The maximum temperature can be reached is 1400°C. The raw materials should be kept in crucibles and then introduced into the furnace.

This is a reactor unit where the samples will be exposed to microwaves for treatment purpose.

• 1. Waste oil treatment
• 2. Chemical plasma treatment

Options available :

• Temperature programmable.
• Power programmable.
• Gas in and gas out.

A tube furnace is an instrument which used a cylindrical tube surrounded by electrically heated elements to synthesis inorganic/organic compounds. These elements are connected to a thermocouple and feedback to a PID controller to maintain desired temperature and ramping rate. Here we use a tube furnace to syntheses target materials. The samples can be treated under controlled gas atmosphere/vacuum up to 1000 oC.

The spray pyrolysis is one of the techniques which is thin film deposition by spraying a solution on a heated surface. This technique is designed for short time and low-cost thin film formation. Here a compressed carrier gas is blown through the precursor which is sprayed on the substrate at elevated temperatures.

Constant temperature water bath (CTB) is used to maintain uniform temperature throughout the solution contained in a glass container with the accuracy of 0.05º C. A stirrer is used to stirr the water in order to maintain the uniform temperature throughout the water bath. It allows the heating of the solution over a period of time without changing the concentration of constituents by evaporation. It also prevents excessive evaporation of the solution being heated. Constant temperature water bath is used to grow crystals under controlled thermal environment.

Sankaranarayanan–Ramasamy (SR) method is used to grow bulk crystals with specific orientation. This SR method is a suitable method to effectively control the orientation of molecules during the bulk crystal growth from solution at room temperature with 100% solute to crystal conversion efficiency. Unidirectional crystals are very important for the preparation of functional crystals.